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Theorem 1
THEOREM 1 A vector field Pi + Qj has a potential function if and only if We have already proved one direction. We postpone the proof of the other direction until later. By definition, grad f = Pi + Qj if and only if df = P dx + Q dy. In general, an expression P dx + Q dy is called a differential form. A differential form is called an exact differential if it is equal to the total differential df of some function f(x, y). Using this terminology, Theorem 1 states that: P dx + Q dy is an exact differential if and only if ∂P/∂y = ∂Q/∂x.
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